Before you take the test it will help if you spend a day or two reading about the topics mentioned below. It is advisable to read and take notes from a reputable American encyclopedia.
It will also help you if you study the grammatical points mentioned below. Sometimes you will need to memorize irregular word forms. A reputable grammar book of American English should be used for this purpose.
SECTION 1 : TOPICS
SECTION 2 : STRUCTURES & CONCEPTS
SECTION 3: TOPICS & VOCABULARY
Listening Comprehension
In this section of the test, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to understand conversation and talks in English. There are three parts to this section and each part has special directions. All questions should be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers. You will not be allowed to take notes or write in your test book when you take the actual TOEFL test. It will be helpful to work on this test the same way.
- Part A
Directions: In Part A you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. Neither the conversations nor the questions will be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your book and choose the best answer. Finally, find the number of the question on your answer sheet and shade in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Listen to an example.
On the recording, you hear :
In your book you will read :
(A) Forgetting how to drive causes accidents.
(B) The boy forgot how to drive and had an accident.
(C) Driving appears to get worse when it snows.
(D) The man needs to learn how to drive in snow.
You learn from the conversation that people tend to drive worse in the snow. The best answer to the question, “What does the man mean?” is c), “Driving appears to get worse when it snows.”
Therefore, the correct choice is: (C)
1. a) There will be a large crowd at the theater.
b) He must stand during the movie.
c) There are limited tickets available.
d) He must pay a bribe to see the movie.
2. a) In an airplane
b) On a bus
c) In a taxi
d) On a boat
3. a) Deliver his laundry
b) Repair his shirt
c) Have his clothes cleaned
d) Replace his shirt
4. a) She’s looking forward to the vacation.
b) There is a long wait until spring break.
c) The break is three weeks long.
d) Spring break was three weeks ago.
5. a) He has a small house.
b) He doesn’t know where his parents are.
c) He doesn’t have a place for his parents to stay yet.
d) He doesn’t have a house.
6. a) That he sell his garage.
b) That he move into a garage.
c) That he should have a sale out of his garage.
d) That he sell his car.
7. a) He is pretending to be sick.
b) She could tell by his eyes that he was ill.
c) She saw him acting in a small theater.
d) She thought the show was pretty good.
8. a) Help the woman find an answer.
b) Show her a book.
c) Teach her about tax laws.
d) Pay tax for work that was manual.
9. a)The woman looks like she will check.
b) The woman feels good about her new car.
c) The woman can’t afford a new car.
d) The woman received a large sum of money today.
10. a) Buy her a phone.
b) Answer the phone.
c) Take the phone out of her hands.
d) Solve her problem.
11. a) That they go out with their friends tonight.
b) That they beat up their friends.
c) That they rob some stores downtown tonight.
d) That they hit the jackpot tonight.
12. a) Watch television.
b) Make a list of the shows on television.
c) Read the schedule of programs.
d) Read the clock.
13. a) Mary wants a shirt.
b) The book is too short.
c) A book may not be the best present for Mary.
d) Mary wants a book.
14. a) She’s been on the phone.
b) She looks happy.
c) She looks exhausted.
d) She’s been singing to her baby.
15. a) She should stay in bed.
b) She should use her foot as little as possible.
c) Her foot is still weak.
d) She should come back in seven days.
16. a) She didn’t have a good vacation.
b) The pictures don’t look nice.
c) One is a picture of a well.
d) She does not feel well.
17. a) The man should not buy the table.
b) The table will cost less tomorrow.
c) The store will be closed tomorrow.
d) The table is for sale.
18. a) He looks annoyed.
b) He looks irritated.
c) He seems worked up about something.
d) He seems in a good mood.
19. a) The bench is too small for both of them.
b) The bench fell over.
c) The bench is too heavy to move.
d) The man fell off the bench.
20. a) She likes winter too.
b) She doesn’t want the salt.
c) She doesn’t like winter.
d) He can keep the scarf she lent him.
21. a) Payday is a long way off.
b) He needs five dollars by tomorrow.
c) He spends his money unwisely.
d) He forgot about payday.
22. a) 9 o’clock
b) 7 o’clock
c) 7:15
d) 9:15
23. a) From a friend in India.
b) From India.
c) From a local shop.
d) From an Indian shop.
24. a) 15 dollars
b) 20 dollars
c) 25 dollars
d) 26 dollars
25. a) They were delivered to the wrong official.
b) They were delivered to the wrong irises.
c) They were received on the wrong holiday.
d) They were sent to the wrong office.
26. a) That they have lunch together.
b) That the man drives.
c) That she pick up the man at his office.
d) That they meet at the restaurant.
27. a) He went to Silesia.
b) He went to Amsterdam.
c) He went to Russia.
d) He went to Austria.
28. a) He will run to the store.
b) He will pick up the store.
c) He will buy some milk.
d) He will buy a store.
29. a) It is spoiled.
b) It is raw.
c) It has been over-cooked.
d) It is frozen.
30. a) A dollar
b) Bills
c) Coins
d) A token
Directions: In Part B you will hear longer conversations. You will hear several questions after each conversation. Neither the conversations nor the questions will be repeated.
After you hear the question, read the four possible answers in your book and choose the best answer. Finally, find the number of the question on your answer sheet and shade in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Remember, you should not take notes or write on your test pages.
31. a) The science museum exhibit.
b) Weekend plans.
c) The history of the airplane.
d) The importance of time management.
32. a) Her cousin coming to visit.
b) The basketball game is canceled.
c) The weather.
d) Having no place to park.
33. a) He studied about the Wright brothers.
b) He has never seen an airplane.
c) He likes museums.
d) He flies airplanes.
34. a) He has a class on Monday.
b) It will be too crowded.
c) Lack of parking.
d) He doesn’t like stealth bombers.
35. a) Course requirements.
b) The details of a writing assignment.
c) Graduation requirements.
d) Standardized research studies.
36. a) Case studies are useful.
b) Standardized research contains bias.
c) Case studies are less reliable.
d) Standardized research is unreliable.
37. a) Case studies
b) Standardized studies
c) Researched studies
d) Biased studies
38. a) Under 20 pages
b) Around 25 pages
c) Over 30 pages
d) Between 20 to 30 pages
Directions: In Part C, you will hear several talks. You will hear some questions after each talk. Neither the talks nor the questions will be repeated.
After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your book and choose the best answer. Finally, find the number of the question on your answer sheet, and shade in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Listen to an example.
On the recording, you hear:
Now listen to a sample question.
In your book you read:
The best answer to the question, “What does this talk concern?” is d), “An obituary”.
Therefore, the correct choice is d)
Now listen to another sample question.
In your book you read:
The best answer to the question, What is Gene Kelly most remembered for?” is c) “His dancing”.
Therefore, the correct choice is c)
Remember, you should not take notes or write on your test pages.
39. a) How to research colleges.
b) How to use electronic mail.
c) A description of Internet uses.
d) What to look for when buying a car.
40. a) Editing
b) Sales
c) Research and communication
d) Conversation
41. a) Electronic mail
b) News groups
c) Library services
d) Consumer services
42. a) It helps with homework.
b) It gives them access to major libraries.
c) It helps them choose a college.
d) It gives them time to find a university.
43. a) High School students
b) Customers
c) Trainees
d) Trainers
44. a) Sales
b) Restaurant
c) Food factory
d) Candy shop
45. a) They will be eating the food they make as part of training.
b) Lunch will be provided as part of the program.
c) They will be eating food prepared by the chef.
d) They will be required to diet.
46. a) To learn how to cook food.
b) To learn company policies.
c) To open a new restaurant.
d) To attain mastery of the position.
47. a) The theory that Earth had no oxygen at one time.
b) The recycling of CO2 into the atmosphere.
c) The relevance of volcanoes for both Earth and Mars.
d) Why previous life on Mars is extinct today.
48. a) That life could have begun on Mars.
b) That there is life on Mars.
c) That there will be life on Mars.
d) That there could never be life on Mars.
49. a) The volcanoes are too violent.
b) There is no oxygen.
c) It could not transform its carbonates into carbon dioxide.
d) It is too cold.
50. a) Deactivate the volcanoes on Mars.
b) Communicate with life forms on Mars.
c) Make Mars compatible to support life.
d) Regenerate the volcanoes on Mars.
Time: 25 minutes
This section of the test will gauge your competence in recognizing language that is grammatically suitable for standard written American English.
STRUCTURE PART A
Questions 1 – 15
Directions: In this part of section 2 you will see incomplete sentences with four words or phrases marked (A), (B), (C), and (D) below each sentence. You must choose the correct word or phrase which best completes the sentence and shade in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
Example I
________Woodrow Wilson tried to find an honorable alternative to war, the United States declared war on Germany in April 1917.
The sentence ought to read:
‘Although Woodrow Wilson tried to find an honorable alternative to war, the United States declared war on Germany in April 1917.’
Therefore you should choose answer ( D ).
Example II
T.S. Eliot was born in St. Louis, Missouri and _______, but later became a British citizen.
The sentence ought to read:
T.S. Eliot was born in St. Louis, Missouri and educated at Harvard, but later became a British citizen.
Therefore you should choose answer ( B ).
PRACTICE TEST 3 Section 2
GRAMMAR – PART A
1. _____Mount Pinatubo had been dormant for six hundred years, it erupted in 1991, killing
hundreds of people.
(A) Because
(B) Although
(C) Despite
(D) But
2. A Caesarean section is not usually carried out ____the birth passage is too narrow for the
baby.
(A) because
(B) if
(C) when
(D) unless
3. ____Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow achieved notoriety as gangsters, their largest haul
was little more than $1500.
(A) If
(B) Because
(C) Not until
(D) Even though
4. The Cajuns migrated to Louisiana from Nova Scotia which was _______.
(A) known as formerly Acadia
(B) formerly known as Acadia
(C) as Acadia formerly known
(D) formerly Acadia known as
5. _____thirty years after his death was Herman Melville widely appreciated as a great
American writer.
(A) It was only
(B) During
(C) Not until
(D) While
6. Having united the Indian tribes east of the Mississippi River, _____
(A) Tecumseh’s allied became the British.
(B) an ally of the British became Tecumseh.
(C) the British allied Tecumseh became.
(D) Tecumseh allied himself with the British.
7. ________many people, Al Capone was sent to jail for tax evasion.
(A) When he murdered
(B) Because he murdered
(C) Although he murdered
(D) But he murdered many people
8. ______governments can restrict population growth, the world is in danger of being
overpopulated.
(A) If
(B) Although
9. Martha Graham, ______ of the pioneers of modern dance, didn’t begin dancing until she was 21.
(A) who, as one
(B) she was
(C) one
(D) was one
10. Rickets does not occur _____there is a deficiency of vitamin D in childhood.
(A) while
(B) unless
(C) so
(D) although
11. Although visited by Captain Cook in 1774, _____ 1853 that New Caledonia was
colonized by the French.
(A) it was not until
(B) in
(C) it was
(D) not before
12. Tiger moths __________wings marked with stripes or spots.
(A) have
(B) with
(C) their
(D) whose
13. While studying Joseph Henry’s work on telegraphic communication, ______
(A) Samuel Morse the Morse code invented.
(B) the Morse code was invented by Samuel Morse.
(C) the Morse code invented Samuel Morse.
(D) Samuel Morse invented the Morse code.
14. Platinum is harder than copper and is almost as pliable ________ .
(A) gold
(B) than gold
(C) as gold
(D) gold is
15. One of the original thirteen colonies, __________.
(A) in 1634 Maryland was first settled
(B) Maryland was first in 1634 settled
(C) Maryland was first settled in 1634
(D) Maryland first was settled in 1634
PART B
Questions 16 – 40
Directions: In this part of Section 2 you will read one sentence for each question. In each sentence four words or phrases have been underlined and marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). You must choose the word or phrase that needs to be changed to make the sentence correct, and shade in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
Example I
Earthquakes in the Japan cause great hardship for many people.
A B C D
The sentence ought to read:
‘Earthquakes in Japan cause great hardship for many people.’
Therefore, you should choose (B)
Example II
Compared by normal anxiety, a phobia is both excessive and irrational.
A B C D
The sentence ought to read:
‘Compared with normal anxiety, a phobia is both excessive and irrational.’
Therefore, you should choose (A)
16. A museum in Denver, Colorado, chronicles black cowboys and his role in the history of the
A B C D
American West.
17. Cannibalism, as practiced by tribes in Papua New Guinea, can result in brains disease.
A B C D
18. There are several species of fish living in Africa which can live in foul, muddy water, and
A B
even survive in dried mud for considerably periods of time, by switching from gills to lungs.
C D
19. The Erie Canal, constructed in 1825, linked the Atlantic Ocean to the fertility land of the
A B C
Mississippi Basin.
D
20. Although activated by different stimuli, the senses of smell and taste are close related.
A B C D
21. Blueglass music is a kind of country music who was pioneered by Bill Monroe of Rosine,
Kentucky. A B C D
22. Botany involves a number of specialized studies, such as the identification and classifying
A B C D
of plants.
23. Although governments claim that they never negotiate with terrorists, talks are sometimes
A B C
conducted in secretly.
D
24. Carbon monoxide poisoning differs from ordinary asphyxia in that it must be treated by
A B C
the pure oxygen to the patient.
D
25. The Welsh have managed to maintain his language despite allowing it to lose its original
A B C D
inflections.
26. Rubies, red transparent gems, can be produced artificially and are wise used in lasers.
A B C D
27. A number of the material used in manufacturing paint are potential dangerous if mishandled.
A B C D
28. A fifty-feet whale shark will never attack a human being, since it is a plankton-feeding fish.
A B C D
29. Armed Hammer was so successfully in trading with the Soviet Union that he acted as a
A B
mediator between the superpowers prior to and during perestroika.
C D
30. Both pure and as an alloy, platinum is used in density, jewelry, and as a catalyze.
A B C D
31. Although the position of the larynx in human beings makes they likely to choke on food, it
A B C
also enables them to speak languages.
D
32. The boring students fell asleep as the professor droned on during the lecture.
A B C D
33. The heart of a twelve-years-old child beats faster than that of a full-grown adult.
A B C D
34. The Byzantines gained most of the former Roman Empire for them mainly through the
A B
military campaigns of the great strategist Belisarius.
C D
35. William Harrison and Zachary Taylor were presidents of the United States in the 1840s, but
A B
either lived out a full term in office.
C D
36. A hawk has excellent eyesight which enables it to spot a rodent in a cornfield from a sky.
A B C D
37. The tough, gray skin on a shark’s streamlined body is covered in denticles, small teeth-like
scales. A B C D
38. There are several races of giraffes, but there are only one species.
A B C D
39. Chestnuts were once the most common tree in the eastern United States, but almost of
A B C
them were destroyed by a disease called chestnut blight.
D
40. A former chairman of Citicorp once said that countries, like companies, cannot go bankrupt.
A B C D
Time: 55 minutes
This section is designed to measure your ability to read and understand short passages similar in topic and style to those that students are likely to encounter in North American universities and colleges. This section contains reading passages and questions about the passages.
Questions 1 – 50
Directions: In the Reading Comprehension section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by a number of questions about it. You must choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), to each question, and shade in on your answer sheet the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Answer all questions about the information in the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.
Read the following passage:
| (5) | In biological terms, aging is the entire life-process, beginning at the moment when an egg is fertilized and starts to develop into a new individual, and continuing to its eventual death. Three current theories attempt to account for aging. The first suggests that the process is genetically determined, to remove individuals that cannot longer reproduce by causing their death. The second suggests that it is due to the accumulation of mistakes during the replication of DNA at cell division. The third suggests that it is actively induced by piece of DNA which moves between cells, or cancer-causing viruses; these may become abundant in old cells and induce them to produce unwanted proteins or interfere with the control functions of their DNA. |
Example I
What is the main idea of the passage?
(A) Individuals that can no longer reproduce die.
(B) A biological definition of death.
(C) Biological theories about aging.
(D) Biological conditions that cause aging.
The main idea of the passage is that concerns three biological theories about the cause of aging. Therefore, you should choose (C ).
Example: II
In line 7, the phrase ‘these’ refers to:
(A) old cells
(B) cancer-causing viruses
(C) unwanted proteins
(D) control functions
The word ‘these’ refers to the preceding phrase, ‘cancer-causing viruses.’
Therefore, you should choose ( B ).
Now begin work on the questions.
Questions 1 – 10
| (5) (10) (15) (20) | All life processes, including growth and muscle contractions, are energy consuming. The source of the energy lies in the chemical reactions that go on within the cells. The most important of these, from the standpoint of energy, are those involving oxygen, which, in many ways, is the key to the intriguing mystery of the beginning of life on earth. The most popular theories concerning the origin of life suggest that at first there was very little or no free oxygen available for living organisms on this planet. However, at some point green plants developed that introduced the process of photosynthesis, which uses the energy of solar radiation to break up water into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is used to convert carbon dioxide first into carbohydrates and then into all the other organic compounds of living tissue, while the oxygen is liberated into the atmosphere. Then, after the green plants had multiplied and covered the face of the earth, the atmosphere gradually filled with oxygen. As a result, the earth’s atmosphere has contained a considerable proportion of free oxygen, currently over twenty percent, for millions of years. Cells have drawn on it freely during all that time, combining it with foodstuffs to produce energy, while green plants have continued to use solar energy to restore oxygen to the air. This has resulted in an extremely neat balance that, until recent years, man has confidently expected to continue into the indefinite future. However, nowadays many are concerned that man is threatening his own future by destroying the careful balance he inherited. As the number of plants are reduced, and the amount of oxygen consumed in continually expanding industries increases, the percentage of oxygen in the earth’s atmosphere will decrease, perhaps irretrievably. |
Questions 11 – 21
| (5) (10) (15) | Oil has been known to man for centuries. In various areas of the Middle East, a semisolid oozy substance called bitumen seeped to the surface through cracks and fissures. These seepages were first tapped during the Sumerian age, as long ago as 3000 B.C., in Mesopotamia. Just over one thousand years later Hammurabi used pitch, made from bitumen, to build magnificent palaces and temples in Babylon on the Euphrates. In the sixth century B.C. Nebuchadnezzar used pitch to build the walls and pave the roads of the reinvigorated capital city of his New Babylonian Empire. The walls of Jericho were also bound with a substance made from bitumen which became a traded commodity in the ancient Middle East. However, bitumen was used not only as a building mortar, but also for waterproofing ships because of its adhesive and water repellent nature. Noah’s ark and Moses’ basket were probably caulked, in the manner of the time, with bitumen to make them waterproof. Moreover, apart from being used for road making and, in a limited and generally unsatisfactory way, for lighting, bitumen served as a medicine. The description by the Roman naturalist Pliny, in the first century A.D., of its pharmaceutical value was similar to that current in the United States during the mid-nineteenth century. It checked bleeding, according to Pliny, healed wounds, treated cataracts, provided a liniment for gout, cured aching teeth, soothed a chronic cough, relieved shortness of breath, stopped diarrhea, drew together severed muscles, and relieved both rheumatism and fever. It was also used to straighten out eyelashes that were detrimental to eyesight. |
12. Why was bitumen found on the ground in 3000 B.C.?
(A) It came to the surface through pipes.
(B) It fell on the ground when it rained.
(C) It gradually came to the surface through deep cracks.
(D) It gushed up through cracks in the ground.
13. It can be inferred from the passage that ‘Babylon’ in line 5 was a:
(A) country
(B) town
(C) river
(D) lake
14. Nebuchadnezzar probably lived in:
(A) 3000 B.C.
(B) 1000 B.C.
(C) 670 B.C.
(D) 570 B.C.
15. The word ‘mortar’ in line 9 could best be replaced by:
(A) cement
(B) cannon
(C) bomb
(D) brick
16. The word ‘liniment’ in line 16 is closest in meaning to:
(A) embrocation
(B) lint
(C) equipment
(D) medicare
17. In line 16, the word ‘soothed’ could best be replaced by:
(A) calmed
(B) made less anxious
(C) reduced the pain of
(D) made more comfortable
18. In line 16, the word ‘chronic’ is closest in meaning to:
(A) critical
(B) painful
(C) excruciating
(D) long-term
19. In line 17, the word ‘severed’ is closest in meaning to:
(A) separated
(B) sprained
(C) broken
(D) crushed
20. The word ‘it’ in line 18 refers to:
(A) rheumatism
(B) current
(C) bitumen
(D) liniment
21. Why were eyelashes straightened out?
(A) to make the owner more attractive
(B) to change the hairstyle of the owner
(C) to improve the health of the owner
(D) to help the owner see more clearly
Questions 22 – 33
| (5) (10) (15) (20) | Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most useful diagnoses in psychiatry because it actually describes a real-life response to extreme stress. Individuals suffering from PTSD suffer from a persistent re-experiencing of the trauma (through nightmares, flashbacks, re-stimulation by similar events), a great need to avoid anything remotely resembling the stress, and signs of ‘increased arousal’ (insomnia, irritability, difficulty concentrating, fearfulness, physical signs of anxiety). Individuals suffering from PTSD often feel guilt and shame, but anxiety is frequently the dominant emotion. Sometimes PTSD can show up years after the trauma: for example, as a response to child abuse. A new event in the individual’s life such as getting married or having a baby may re-stimulate the stress reaction from childhood, often without the individual recalling the earlier traumatic event. Some experts believe that childhood sexual abuse always leads to PTSD in adulthood. PTSD is a natural reaction to extremely threatening circumstances of almost any kind, from child abuse to adult rape, as well as experiences of disaster, such as wars, airplane or automobile accidents, and earthquakes. It can be precipitated by our trauma, such as being assaulted or seeing a friend badly injured, or by prolonged exposure to stress, such as physical beatings, repeated abandonment as a child, or prolonged legal conflict as an adult. Many Vietnam veterans and nearly all hostages suffer from PTSD. PTSD can be relatively short-lived or it can persist for months or years. It is often helpful to relive the trauma with an experienced, caring guide. Sometimes discovering the connection to earlier, similar traumatic events in childhood can be helpful. Sharing with people who have undergone similar experiences can also be useful. |
22. What is the main subject of the passage?
(A) the causes of PTSD
(B) the cures for PTSD
(C) a description of PTSD
(D) an analysis of PTSD
23. What is NOT given as an example of re-experiencing of the trauma?
(A) nightmares
(B) flashbacks
(C) acting out a similar situation
(D) re-stimulation by similar events
24. All of the following are given as examples of ‘increased arousal’ EXCEPT:
(A) fearfulness
(B) concentration
(C) irritability
(D) insomnia
25. Which emotion is often the strongest of people suffering from PTSD?
(A) fear
(B) guilt
(C) shame
(D) anxiety
26. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of extremely
threatening circumstances?
(A) car accidents
(B) volcanic eruptions
(C) earthquakes
(D) plane crashes
27. Which of the following can cause PTSD?
(A) assaulting a person
(B) injuring a friend
(C) a protracted lawsuit
(D) a career as a vet
28. It can be inferred from the passage that the person most likely to suffer from
PTSD would be
(A) a passenger on a hijacked plane
(B) a spectator at an exciting football match
(C) a driver in a sports car
(D) a soldier doing training in peace time
29. Where in the passage does the author use a word meaning ‘inability to sleep’?
(A) line 4
(B) line 5
(C) line 17
(D) line 19
30. The word ‘relatively’ in line 18 is closest in meaning to:
(A) very
(B) extremely
(C) fairly
(D) barely
31. The word ‘persist’ in line 18 can be replaced by:
(A) persuade
(B) continue
(C) insist
(D) recur
32. The word ‘trauma’ in line 19 is closest in meaning to :
(A) wound
(B) experience
(C) dream
(D) shock
33. All of the following can help alleviate PTSD EXCEPT:
(A) acting out the situation again with a competent counselor
(B) going on a tourist trip
(C) living with people who have had similar experiences
(D) making connections with the experiences of other people
Questions 34 – 42
| (5) (10) (15) | Between 1860 and 1900 the growth of railroads, together with the discovery of iron and coal, had changed American society. Improved methods of production, as well as the high quality of American iron, made it possible to produce more and cheaper steel than had ever been made in Britain. As late as 1874, the British still did not think that there was much of a future for the American steel industry. However, American businessmen met many problems in their own way, using labor-saving machinery where they could, and importing foreign craftsmen where necessary. They learned to manufacture at much lower costs, and continued to improve their machinery all the time. Soon steel came to be used for many things besides railroads, such as bridges and buildings, telephones and office machinery. During the twenty years after 1870 the United States saw the fastest industrial growth yet known to the world. As industry grew, the population also grew. Although thousands of immigrants were going to the West to start their farms, an even greater number of farmers and immigrants moved into the cities to work in factories. The cities grew as their industries needed more and more laborers. Between 1860 and 1900 the towns and cities of the United States grew more than twice as fast as the nation as a whole, and by 1900 more than a third of the American people were living in them. The farmer of Jefferson’s democratic ideal had lost his place of importance to the businessman. |
34. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) the growth of the railroad in the United States
(B) the improved production of steel in the United States
(C) the transition from an agricultural society to an industrial one
(D) population growth in the United States
35. The author mentions all of the following as important in determining the success
of the American steel industry EXCEPT:
(A) improved methods of production
(B) the high quality of American iron
(C) the high cost of manufacture
(D) the use of labor-saving machinery
36. Which of the following was steel NOT used to manufacture?
(A) bridges
(B) railroads
(C) typewriters
(D) desks
37. The word ‘besides’ in line 8 could best be replaced by:
(A) next to
(B) on the other hand
(C) except
(D) in addition to
38. According to the passage, which of the following was NOT true?
(A) American steel was cheaper that British steel
(B) the British believed the American steel industry would prosper
(C) immigrants worked in the American steel industry
(D) telephones were made from steel
39. When did the United States experience the fastest industrial growth known to the
world?
(A) 1860
(B) 1870
(C) 1880
(D) 1900
40. The word ‘ideal’ in line 16 is closest in meaning to:
(A) perfect
(B) idea
(C) truth
(D) belief
41. What percentage of the population lived in towns and cities in 1900?
(A) 3%
(B) 35%
(C) 66%
(D) 70%
42. What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?
(A) the diversity of population in the United States
(B) Jefferson’s democratic ideal
(C) businessmen in the United States
(D) farming in the United States
Questions 43 – 50
| (5) (10) (15) | One of the first American writers and publishers, Benjamin Franklin, was also scientist and a diplomat. Born in Boston in 1706, he was one of the most well-traveled of the colanial leaders, and brought an internationalist perspective to the Federal Constitutional Convention of which he was a member. As a young man, he worked for a printing house in London before moving to Philadelphia in 1725, where he set up his press which issued the Pennsylvania Gazette. His Poor Richard’s Almanack gave him a reputation as a writer in both England and America. In the field of science he proved that lightning is a form of electricity, and invented the lightning conductor. One of his greatest contributions to mankind was his invention of bifocal spectacles in 1784. In 1752 he founded the first American insurance company, the Philadelphia Contributionship, and was instrumental in founding the American Philosophical Society, and the academy that became the University of Pennsylvania. From 1757 to 1774 he spent time mixing widely in intellectual society in England where he espoused the cause of the colonies as an independent entity. After helping draft the Declaration of Independence, he traveled to France as ambassador. While in France, he negotiated peace with Britain in 1783. On his return in 1785, he signed the Constitution. Despite the significant role he played in gaining independence for the American colonies, his autobiographywas first published in England in 1793, where his prose was much admired. |
43. Which of the following is the main subject of the passage?
(A) The literary career of Benjamin Franklin.
(B) The travels of Benjamin Franklin.
(C) Benjamin Franklin’s role in the Declaration of Independence.
(D) A brief account of the life of Benjamin Franklin.
.
44. According to the passage, Benjamin Franklin was all of the following EXCEPT:
(A) a publisher
(B) an inventor
(C) an insurance broker
(D) an ambassador
45. The word ‘founded’ in line 11 could best be replaced by:
(A) based
(B) discovered
(C) melted
(D) established
46. What was the Philadelphia Contributionship?
(A) a publishing house
(B) an insurance company
(C) an academy
(D) a university
47. The word ‘espoused’ in line 15 is closest in meaning to:
(A) essayed
(B) married
(C) supported
(D) stimulated
48. The word ‘entity’ in line 15 is closest in meaning to:
(A) entirety
(B) state
(C) unit
(D) whole
49. Where was Benjamin Franklin in 1783?
(A) Boston
(B) Philadelphia
(C) France
(D) Britain
50. Which of the following is NOT true of Benjamin Franklin?
(A) He worked in London
(B) He invented glasses with two lenses for each eye
(C) He did not work for the University of Pennsylvania
(D) He did not write his autobiography
THIS IS THE END OF TEST THREE
NOW CHECK YOUR ANSWERS
| 01 | A B C D | 26 | A B C D | 01 | A B C D | 21 | A B C D | 01 | A B C D | 26 | A B C D | |
| 02 | A B C D | 27 | A B C D | 02 | A B C D | 22 | A B C D | 02 | A B C D | 27 | A B C D | |
| 03 | A B C D | 28 | A B C D | 03 | A B C D | 23 | A B C D | 03 | A B C D | 28 | A B C D | |
| 04 | A B C D | 29 | A B C D | 04 | A B C D | 24 | A B C D | 04 | A B C D | 29 | A B C D | |
| 05 | A B C D | 30 | A B C D | 05 | A B C D | 25 | A B C D | 05 | A B C D | 30 | A B C D | |
| 06 | A B C D | 31 | A B C D | 06 | A B C D | 26 | A B C D | 06 | A B C D | 31 | A B C D | |
| 07 | A B C D | 32 | A B C D | 07 | A B C D | 27 | A B C D | 07 | A B C D | 32 | A B C D | |
| 08 | A B C D | 33 | A B C D | 08 | A B C D | 28 | A B C D | 08 | A B C D | 33 | A B C D | |
| 09 | A B C D | 34 | A B C D | 09 | A B C D | 29 | A B C D | 09 | A B C D | 34 | A B C D | |
| 10 | A B C D | 35 | A B C D | 10 | A B C D | 30 | A B C D | 10 | A B C D | 35 | A B C D | |
| 11 | A B C D | 36 | A B C D | 11 | A B C D | 31 | A B C D | 11 | A B C D | 36 | A B C D | |
| 12 | A B C D | 37 | A B C D | 12 | A B C D | 32 | A B C D | 12 | A B C D | 37 | A B C D | |
| 13 | A B C D | 38 | A B C D | 13 | A B C D | 33 | A B C D | 13 | A B C D | 38 | A B C D | |
| 14 | A B C D | 39 | A B C D | 14 | A B C D | 34 | A B C D | 14 | A B C D | 39 | A B C D | |
| 15 | A B C D | 40 | A B C D | 15 | A B C D | 35 | A B C D | 15 | A B C D | 40 | A B C D | |
| 16 | A B C D | 41 | A B C D | 16 | A B C D | 36 | A B C D | 16 | A B C D | 41 | A B C D | |
| 17 | A B C D | 42 | A B C D | 17 | A B C D | 37 | A B C D | 17 | A B C D | 42 | A B C D | |
| 18 | A B C D | 43 | A B C D | 18 | A B C D | 38 | A B C D | 18 | A B C D | 43 | A B C D | |
| 19 | A B C D | 44 | A B C D | 19 | A B C D | 39 | A B C D | 19 | A B C D | 44 | A B C D | |
| 20 | A B C D | 45 | A B C D | 20 | A B C D | 40 | A B C D | 20 | A B C D | 45 | A B C D | |
| 21 | A B C D | 46 | A B C D | 21 | A B C D | 46 | A B C D | |||||
| 22 | A B C D | 47 | A B C D | 22 | A B C D | 47 | A B C D | |||||
| 23 | A B C D | 48 | A B C D | 23 | A B C D | 48 | A B C D | |||||
| 24 | A B C D | 49 | A B C D | 24 | A B C D | 49 | A B C D | |||||
| 25 | A B C D | 50 | A B C D | 25 | A B C D | 50 | A B C D |
| ANWER KEY | |||||||||||
| Section 1 | Section 2 | Section 3 | |||||||||
| 1 | A | 31 | A | 1 | B | 16 | C | 1 | C | 31 | C |
| 2 | B | 32 | C | 2 | D | 17 | D | 2 | D | 32 | D |
| 3 | C | 33 | D | 3 | D | 18 | D | 3 | B | 33 | B |
| 4 | A | 34 | C | 4 | B | 19 | C | 4 | B | 34 | C |
| 5 | C | 35 | B | 5 | C | 20 | D | 5 | C | 35 | C |
| 6 | C | 36 | C | 6 | D | 21 | B | 6 | B | 36 | D |
| 7 | B | 37 | B | 7 | C | 22 | D | 7 | B | 37 | D |
| 8 | A | 38 | D | 8 | C | 23 | D | 8 | C | 38 | B |
| 9 | C | 9 | C | 24 | D | 9 | B | 39 | C | ||
| 10 | B | 39 | C | 10 | B | 25 | C | 10 | D | 40 | D |
| 11 | A | 40 | C | 11 | A | 26 | C | 11 | B | ||
| 12 | C | 41 | A | 12 | A | 27 | C | 12 | C | 41 | B |
| 13 | C | 42 | B | 13 | D | 28 | A | 13 | B | 42 | C |
| 14 | C | 43 | C | 14 | C | 29 | A | 14 | D | 43 | D |
| 15 | B | 44 | B | 15 | C | 30 | B | 15 | A | 44 | C |
| 16 | B | 45 | A | 16 | A | 45 | D | ||||
| 17 | B | 46 | C | 31 | D | 17 | A | 46 | B | ||
| 18 | C | 47 | D | 32 | A | 18 | D | 47 | C | ||
| 19 | A | 48 | A | 33 | A | 19 | A | 48 | C | ||
| 20 | C | 49 | C | 34 | B | 20 | C | 49 | C | ||
| 21 | C | 50 | C | 35 | C | 50 | D | ||||
| 22 | A | 36 | D | 21 | D | ||||||
| 23 | A | 37 | D | 22 | C | ||||||
| 24 | B | 38 | D | 23 | C | ||||||
| 25 | D | 39 | C | 24 | B | ||||||
| 26 | C | 40 | D | 25 | D | ||||||
| 27 | C | 26 | B | ||||||||
| 28 | C | 27 | D | ||||||||
| 29 | A | 28 | A | ||||||||
| 30 | C | 29 | B | ||||||||
| 30 | B | ||||||||||
Example:
Woman: Boy it’s rough out there. I almost got into 3 accidents on a 15 minute drive.
Man A: People seem to forget how to drive when it snows.
Man B: What does the man mean?
1. MAN A: I’m going to see that new action film this weekend.
WOMAN: Prepare to stand in line.
Man B: What does the woman mean?
2. WOMAN: Excuse me. How many stops till Baker Street?
MAN A: I’m not sure. Why don’t you ask the driver?
Man B: Where are they?
3. MAN A: When do you think they’ll be ready?
WOMAN Well, the suit will be done tomorrow, but this shirt is badly stained. It might take an extra day.
Man B: What will the woman do for the man?
4. MAN A: Spring break is coming soon.
WOMAN: Three weeks and counting!
Man B: What does the woman imply?
5. WOMAN: Hey, I hear your parents are coming for a visit.
MAN A: Yeah, it will be fun. But I don’t know where I’ll put them.
Man B: What does the man mean?
6. MAN A: I’ll be moving in a week and I have a lot of things to get rid of.
WOMAN: Have you thought of having a garage sale?
Man B: What does the woman suggest?
7. MAN A: My allergies are acting up again.
WOMAN: I thought your eyes looked a little red.
Man B: What does the woman mean?
8. WOMAN: Do I have to claim educational grants as an income on my tax return?
MAN A: I haven’t in the past. Here, let’s look at the tax manual.
Man B: What will the man do?
9. WOMAN: Let’s stop and look at some new cars.
MAN A: You’re feeling rich today, huh?
Man B: What does the man mean?
10. WOMAN: Could you get the phone? My hands are full.
MAN A: No problem.
Man B: What will the man do for the woman?
11. MAN A: The week is finally over! I feel like celebrating.
WOMAN: Why don’t we grab our friends and hit the town tonight.
Man B: What does the woman suggest?
12. WOMAN: What time does that new show come on?
MAN A: Here, let me check the TV listing.
Man B: What will the man do?
13. MAN A: I bought Mary a book for her birthday.
WOMAN: Are you sure she wants a book?
Man B: What does the woman imply?
14. WOMAN: My baby kept me up all night.
MAN A: You sure look like you’ve been through the wringer.
Man B: What does the man mean?
15. WOMAN: Doctor, how long till I can use my foot again?
MAN A: It’s a pretty bad sprain. You should give it at least a week.
Man B: What does the man suggest?
16. MAN A : Are these the pictures from your vacation?
WOMAN: Yes, but they didn’t turn out very well.
Man B: What does the woman mean?
17. MAN A: How much is this table? .
WOMAN: It’s 100 dollars. But tomorrow we have a sale.
Man B: What does the woman imply?
18. MAN A: Hey! I got the job!
WOMAN: I thought you seemed excited about something.
Man B: What does the woman imply about the man?
19. WOMAN: Could you move over?
MAN A: If I move over I’ll fall off the bench.
Man B: What is the problem?
20. MAN A: Winter is my favorite season.
WOMAN: You can keep it!
Man B: What does the woman mean?
21. WOMAN: I only have 5 dollars left. I’m glad tomorrow is payday.
MAN A: You should learn to budget your money better.
Man B: What is the man’s problem?
22. WOMAN: Why are you here already? It’s 7 and the meeting isn’t until 9.
MAN A: I told Harry that I’d meet him for breakfast at 7:15.
Man B: What time is the meeting?
23. MAN A: What a beautiful vase! Did you buy it here?
WOMAN: No. I saw it when I was in India and I asked my friend to send it.
Man B: Where did the woman get the vase?
24. MAN A: How much did you spend on dinner?
WOMAN: The bill came to 25 dollars but I had a 5 dollar off coupon.
Man B: How much money did the woman pay?
25. MAN A: What beautiful flowers! Someone must really love you.
WOMAN: Oh, they’re not for me. They were delivered to the wrong office.
Man B: What happened to the flowers?
26. MAN A: Want to meet for lunch today?
WOMAN: I’ll be down your way. Why don’t I swing by and pick you up?
Man B: What does the woman suggest?
27. WOMAN: How was your vacation? I hear you went to Amsterdam.
MAN A: No, I went to Russia, but I had a 6 hour layover in Amsterdam.
Man B: Where did the man go on vacation?
28. WOMAN: Oh, we’re all out of milk and we need it for dinner.
MAN A: I’ll run and pick some up.
Man B: What does the man mean?
29. WOMAN: How long has this meat been sitting out? It doesn’t smell so good.
MAN A: I think Joe pulled it out of the freezer last night.
Man B: What is wrong with the meat?
30. WOMAN: The token machine only takes exact change.
MAN A: Can you break a dollar?
Man B: What does the man need?
MAN A: Wow, I’m so glad tomorrow is Friday. It’s been such a long week and I could
use a break.
Have you made any plans for the weekend?
WOMAN: Well, if it’s not too cold I plan to go skiing with some friends. Otherwise we may check out the basketball game on Saturday night. My cousin plays for the visiting team.
MAN A: Sounds great. I hear it should be a good game.
WOMAN: I think it will be. The two teams are long time rivals. So, how about you, what are your plans?
MAN A: I have a friend coming to visit from out of town. Joseph is a pilot so I thought I’d bring him to the air travel exhibit at the science museum.
WOMAN: Hey, I’ve seen that exhibit! They have the airplane that Wilbur and Orville Wright first flew on display. They even have a flight simulator that you can sit in and see what it is like to travel in a stealth bomber. It’s a popular exhibit – it will most likely be crowded.
MAN A: I’m sure it will be. I hope parking won’t be a problem.
WOMAN: It shouldn’t be. They just built a new parking ramp a block away from the museum.
MAN A: Hey, thanks for telling me. Well, have a good weekend. See you in class on Monday.
Questions 31 through 34.
31) Man B: What is the main topic of this conversation?
32) Man B: What would change the woman’s plans?
33) Man B: Why might the man’s friend enjoy the exhibit?
34) Man B: What concern does the man have about going to the exhibit?
Listen to a conversation between two students:
WOMAN: Excuse me professor. Do you have a minute?
MAN B: Yes, what can I do for you?
WOMAN: Well, I’m not exactly sure what it is that you want for this term paper. Do you want us to use strictly standardized research studies or can we use case studies also?
MAN B: Case studies can be useful but they are more likely to show bias on the part of the
research. You may refer to a few of them, but I would prefer that you rely more on the data from standardized research. They also have their biases, but they are more likely to be controlled and can more easily be compared to similar studies.
WOMAN: All right. Now, you mentioned that you want at least eight studies analyzed in the paper, but do you have any requirements for the length?
MAN B: If you thoroughly examine and analyze eight studies, your paper will range anywhere from 20 to 30 pages. Maybe longer, but definitely not shorter. Do you have any other questions?
WOMAN: No, sir. Thank you for your time.
Questions 35 through 38
35) MAN A: What is the student inquiring about?
36) MAN A : Which of the following best describes the opinion of the professor?
37) MAN A : Which type of study does the professor prefer the student use?
38) MAN A : What should be the length of the completed assignment?
Part C
Example:
Gene Kelly – singer, dancer, actor and choreographer – died yesterday from complications resulting from a series of strokes. He was 83 years old.
Kelly’s film career spanned over 3 decades. Though his talents were many, Kelly will be
remembered most for his dancing. He danced his way into our hearts through legendary movies such as “Singing in the Rain” and “American in Paris”. These, along with his many films, will help keep Kelly’s memory alive for decades to come.
What does this talk concern?
What is Gene Kelly most remembered for?
Questions 39 through 42 refer to the following talk:
Woman:
The worldwide network of computers, known as the Internet, has taken the computer world by storm. Never before has communication been so expedient and information so accessible. For example, through electronic mail you can send messages across the world at the touch of a button. Should you want to discuss current events, you can tap into a news group and correspond with complete strangers from throughout the world, discussing anything under the sun.
The Internet also has a wide variety of informational resources. For instance, you can access information about a car you want to buy, compare prices on a variety of consumer products, and even make hotel and flight reservations. The Internet is an extremely useful resource for students of all ages. It provides access to major libraries throughout the world – including the Congressional Library – opening doors to resources once closed to most learners. The Internet also provides instant access to foreign and domestic colleges and universities. This makes the research of prospective educational institutions both simple and time efficient.
39) MAN B: What is the topic of this lecture?
40) MAN B: What services does the Internet provide?
41) MAN B: Which service provides instant world wide communication?
42) MAN B: How is the Internet useful for students?
Questions 43 through 46 refer to the following talk.
MAN A:
Good morning and welcome to our orientation seminar. We will be training you in a wide range of skills necessary to perform your job. Each of you will be required to demonstrate mastery of your position at the end of this seminar. Therefore, it is mandatory that you arrive on time and attend each day.
Throughout the next few days we will be instructing you in company policy, familiarizing you with the company’s products, and training you in product preparation and services. You will be sampling everything you prepare, so come hungry!
We will provide you with two sets of uniforms at the end of the day. Kitchen staff will receive a hat and one extra shirt. Shoes, however, will not be included.
I will be introducing you to your trainers momentarily. If you have any questions, you can feel free to come to us at any time. We are here to help you and to help make this new store opening a success.
43) WOMAN: Who is the speaker talking to?
44) WOMAN: For what type of job will the people be training?
45) WOMAN: Why should the people come hungry?
46) WOMAN: What is the goal of this seminar?
Questions 47 through 50 refer to the following talk.
MAN A:
Though NASA’s investigations show Mars to be a dead, desolate planet with no possession of sustaining life, there are people who believe that it was not always this way. These people, who call themselves ‘terraformers’, believe that 4 billion years ago the Earth and Mars were similar in many ways. They claim that both Earth and Mars atmosphere were free of oxygen, thick with carbon dioxide or CO2, and had volcanoes and rain storms.
Terraformers assert that life could have begun on either planet, but flourished only on Earth. They attribute these results to the internal components of each planet. The earth, with its hot insides and a crispy crust, is able to recycle carbonates into CO2 and return it to the atmosphere through volcanoes. Mars, with its cooler heart and thicker skin, could not transform its carbonates into CO2. In effect, Mars’s atmosphere slowly turned to stone, its surface cooled and its water froze. Any life that may have resided there died along with its seas.
Terraformers are currently searching for a way to return Mars to its previous state of warmth and wetness in hopes that it might once again be able to support life.
47) MAN B: What is the main topic of this talk?
48) MAN B: What do ‘terraformers’ believe?
49) MAN B: How do the terraformers explain the absence of life on Mars?
50) MAN B: What do the terraformers hope to accomplish?